Enough About AI Tue, 16 Jun 2026 18:23:29 -0400 http://www.enoughaboutai.com en-ie © 2026 Enough About AI yes 3e0673d7-6f69-5b55-9b76-32d0588b13ca Enough About AI episodic false A podcast that brings you enough about the key tech topic of our time for you to feel a bit more confident and informed. Dónal Mulligan, a media and technology lecturer, and Ciarán O'Connor, a disinformation expert, help you explore and understand how AI is affecting our lives.

]]> Buzzsprout (https://www.buzzsprout.com) ai, artificial intelligence, genai, chatgpt, technology, misinformation, computing, tech regulation Enough About AI https://storage.buzzsprout.com/rbe2qxvzjg9854v2su4qsi12n1we?.jpg Enough About AI http://www.enoughaboutai.com Ciarán O'Connor Dónal Mulligan The Costs of AI The Costs of AI Dónal and Ciarán are back to discuss some of the various costs of AI, as we reach the middle of 2026 and see the AI valuation bubble and its associated hype continue to expand. In this episode, the focus is on data centres - especially in Ireland - as well as a range of the costs of AI that demand our attention at a time when the focus is usually on the opportunities instead.

Topics in this episode:

  • The environmental costs of data centres - in Ireland and elsewhere - as gas-fired electricity generation is needed to feed the growing demand for compute power
  • The electricity costs for households in Ireland, linked to our national policies to become a data centre hub and a "cautionary tale" according to the UN
  • The costs for jobs and discussion of recent job losses in Ireland's tech sector
  • The increased token-based costs of using AI as subsidised usage decreases and companies and users get bigger bills
  • The information and truth costs as AI contributes slop and summarises search results in new ways, often obfuscating sources and validity
  • The social and democratic costs of AI misinformation, breakdown of public consultation and a bleak future of work

Resources & Links:

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán are back to discuss some of the various costs of AI, as we reach the middle of 2026 and see the AI valuation bubble and its associated hype continue to expand. In this episode, the focus is on data centres - especially in Ireland - as well as a range of the costs of AI that demand our attention at a time when the focus is usually on the opportunities instead.

Topics in this episode:

  • The environmental costs of data centres - in Ireland and elsewhere - as gas-fired electricity generation is needed to feed the growing demand for compute power
  • The electricity costs for households in Ireland, linked to our national policies to become a data centre hub and a "cautionary tale" according to the UN
  • The costs for jobs and discussion of recent job losses in Ireland's tech sector
  • The increased token-based costs of using AI as subsidised usage decreases and companies and users get bigger bills
  • The information and truth costs as AI contributes slop and summarises search results in new ways, often obfuscating sources and validity
  • The social and democratic costs of AI misinformation, breakdown of public consultation and a bleak future of work

Resources & Links:

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-19313091 Mon, 08 Jun 2026 17:00:00 +0100 2839 AI, AI Literacy, Data Centres, Ireland 3 2 full false Hype, Hazards, Harms, and Help Hype, Hazards, Harms, and Help Dónal and Ciarán return for a new year of new updates and new concerns in the world of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Again for 2026, the podcast will provide roughly quarterly updates on major themes and topics and this Spring episode covers recent news and connects with older themes and conversations.

Topics in this episode

  • "BUBBLEWATCH" - new precarious developments in the massive valuations of a small number of tech companies at the forefront of AI development, and some concerns about stock prices and where future income will come from to cover the escalating costs.
  • Grok (xAI) and the fallout from the use of the tool in generating non-consensual sexual imagery - and its wider impact in raising awareness about unregulated uses.
  • Agentic AI and the rise of OpenClaw - a framework for providing semi-autonomous AI task management, which has seen recent swift uptake and security concerns.
  • Related discussion of the MoltBook story, and perceptions about insight into what AI is thinking
  • AI Hype and recent viral articles, and their effect in driving worried people to purchase subscriptions 
  • Safer Internet Day and how people, especially parents, can take a more critical look at safe and appropriate use of AI tools

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán return for a new year of new updates and new concerns in the world of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Again for 2026, the podcast will provide roughly quarterly updates on major themes and topics and this Spring episode covers recent news and connects with older themes and conversations.

Topics in this episode

  • "BUBBLEWATCH" - new precarious developments in the massive valuations of a small number of tech companies at the forefront of AI development, and some concerns about stock prices and where future income will come from to cover the escalating costs.
  • Grok (xAI) and the fallout from the use of the tool in generating non-consensual sexual imagery - and its wider impact in raising awareness about unregulated uses.
  • Agentic AI and the rise of OpenClaw - a framework for providing semi-autonomous AI task management, which has seen recent swift uptake and security concerns.
  • Related discussion of the MoltBook story, and perceptions about insight into what AI is thinking
  • AI Hype and recent viral articles, and their effect in driving worried people to purchase subscriptions 
  • Safer Internet Day and how people, especially parents, can take a more critical look at safe and appropriate use of AI tools

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-18720659 Fri, 20 Feb 2026 23:00:00 +0000 2629 3 1 full false Expansion, Economics, Erotica & Education. Expansion, Economics, Erotica & Education. Dónal and Ciarán return with more "Bubble Watch", reporting on the latest expansion in valuations, hype, and attempts to find new ways to commercialise AI. Among those potential avenues to income, they discuss emerging AI robots, OpenAI's decision to allow AI erotica for adults, and the push to get AI into education - as well as the associated concerns. This last quarterly update for 2025 draws together some themes that you've identified in your submitted comments and questions and tries to end on a little hope amid a lot of anxiety!


Topics in the episode

  • The AI Bubble gets bubblier - OpenAI's quarterly loss reports, Sam Altman's angry interviews, and the beginnings of a withdrawal of money from key parts of the AI economy.
  • AI hardware in the form of robots like the recent XPENG demo and renewed concerns about labour replacement and military applications.
  • OpenAI's hope of monetising via erotica.
  • AI disinformation in the Irish Presidential election, as well as related stories in the Netherlands and elsewhere
  • The unsuitability of mainstream GenAI tools to educational contexts and recent research on their associated Cognitive Deficit in learning contexts
  • Top-down vs Bottom-up reactions and responses to AI in our lives and work


Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán return with more "Bubble Watch", reporting on the latest expansion in valuations, hype, and attempts to find new ways to commercialise AI. Among those potential avenues to income, they discuss emerging AI robots, OpenAI's decision to allow AI erotica for adults, and the push to get AI into education - as well as the associated concerns. This last quarterly update for 2025 draws together some themes that you've identified in your submitted comments and questions and tries to end on a little hope amid a lot of anxiety!


Topics in the episode

  • The AI Bubble gets bubblier - OpenAI's quarterly loss reports, Sam Altman's angry interviews, and the beginnings of a withdrawal of money from key parts of the AI economy.
  • AI hardware in the form of robots like the recent XPENG demo and renewed concerns about labour replacement and military applications.
  • OpenAI's hope of monetising via erotica.
  • AI disinformation in the Irish Presidential election, as well as related stories in the Netherlands and elsewhere
  • The unsuitability of mainstream GenAI tools to educational contexts and recent research on their associated Cognitive Deficit in learning contexts
  • Top-down vs Bottom-up reactions and responses to AI in our lives and work


Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-18299727 Thu, 04 Dec 2025 22:00:00 +0000 2495 2 4 full false Bursting the Bubble? Bursting the Bubble? Dónal and Ciarán explore the increasingly looming questions about the overinflation of the major AI companies' valuations and the anxiety about whether we are in a bubble - and what might happen if it pops. Relevant to their discussion of the need for AI models to keep the hype levels high, they discuss the muted reception to the release of ChatGPT-5 and some of the emerging strategies to make AI chatbots more palatable to certain audiences who are worried about "woke".

Topics in this episode

  • Are we in an AI bubble? Spoiler alert: Yes - based on any normal metric of what an investment bubble is - but why is the promise of an almost-there superintelligence keeping things from popping?
  • Despite being in a bubble, the lasting impacts of where AI already is on jobs and society is discussed
  • The recent release of ChatGPT-5 has led to negative feedback from the tech press and vocal users - this is contrasted with other recent version releases.
  • Examining how AI companies are trying to find new ways to add value, leading to a discussion of "Third Devices" and AI hardware
  • The limitations and diminishing returns of training on synthetic data - and the apparent slowing down in model progress
  • AI & Ideology - what does it mean to have a non-woke AI?

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán explore the increasingly looming questions about the overinflation of the major AI companies' valuations and the anxiety about whether we are in a bubble - and what might happen if it pops. Relevant to their discussion of the need for AI models to keep the hype levels high, they discuss the muted reception to the release of ChatGPT-5 and some of the emerging strategies to make AI chatbots more palatable to certain audiences who are worried about "woke".

Topics in this episode

  • Are we in an AI bubble? Spoiler alert: Yes - based on any normal metric of what an investment bubble is - but why is the promise of an almost-there superintelligence keeping things from popping?
  • Despite being in a bubble, the lasting impacts of where AI already is on jobs and society is discussed
  • The recent release of ChatGPT-5 has led to negative feedback from the tech press and vocal users - this is contrasted with other recent version releases.
  • Examining how AI companies are trying to find new ways to add value, leading to a discussion of "Third Devices" and AI hardware
  • The limitations and diminishing returns of training on synthetic data - and the apparent slowing down in model progress
  • AI & Ideology - what does it mean to have a non-woke AI?

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-17704254 Wed, 20 Aug 2025 15:00:00 +0100 2806 2 3 full false Alignment Anxieties & Persuasion Problems Alignment Anxieties & Persuasion Problems Dónal and Ciarán continue the 2025 season with a second quarterly update that looks at some recent themes in AI development. They're pondering doom again, as we increasingly grapple with the evidence that AI systems are powerfully persuasive and full of flattery at the same time as our ability to meaningfully supervise them seems to be diminishing.

Topics in this episode

  • Can we see how reasoning models reason? If AI is thinking, or sharing information and it's not in human language, how can we check that it's aligned with our values. 
  • This interpretability issue is tied to the concept of neuralese - inscrutable machine thoughts!
  • We discuss the predictions and prophetic doom visions of the AI-2027 document
  • Increasing ubiquity and sometimes invisibility of AI, as it's inserted into other products. Is this more enshittification? 
  • AI is becoming a persuasion machine - we look at the recent issues on Reddit's r/ChangeMyView, where researchers skipped good ethics practice but ended up with worrying results
  • We talk about flattery, manipulation, and Eli Yudkowsky's AI-Box thought experiment

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán continue the 2025 season with a second quarterly update that looks at some recent themes in AI development. They're pondering doom again, as we increasingly grapple with the evidence that AI systems are powerfully persuasive and full of flattery at the same time as our ability to meaningfully supervise them seems to be diminishing.

Topics in this episode

  • Can we see how reasoning models reason? If AI is thinking, or sharing information and it's not in human language, how can we check that it's aligned with our values. 
  • This interpretability issue is tied to the concept of neuralese - inscrutable machine thoughts!
  • We discuss the predictions and prophetic doom visions of the AI-2027 document
  • Increasing ubiquity and sometimes invisibility of AI, as it's inserted into other products. Is this more enshittification? 
  • AI is becoming a persuasion machine - we look at the recent issues on Reddit's r/ChangeMyView, where researchers skipped good ethics practice but ended up with worrying results
  • We talk about flattery, manipulation, and Eli Yudkowsky's AI-Box thought experiment

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-17147720 Tue, 13 May 2025 12:00:00 +0100 2808 2 2 full true Political Upheaval & Reasoning Models Political Upheaval & Reasoning Models Dónal and Ciarán start a new season for 2025, with a slight change in format to bring you roughly quarterly updates on the themes and topics required to help you know enough about AI. This first episode of 2025, recorded in mid February, gives a summary of what's happened since last November and answers some of your submitted questions. (Thanks for those!)

Topics in this episode

  • We can't avoid talking about them: Musk & Trump and some of the effects they've both had on the AI space in the last three months
  • Regulatory Developments, and the EU's AI Act starting to come into force
  • US - EU relations, and the continued innovation vs regulation chatter
  • DeepSeek and China's bold entry into the contemporary AI model space
  • What are Reasoning Models and how do they work?
  • Some history and concepts related to machine logic
  • AI Benchmarks - a quick primer as we move closer to "Humanity's Last Exam"

Resources & Links

  • JD Vance's Speech from the Paris AI Conference is here (The American Presidency Project)
  • Details on HLE (Humanity's Last Exam) here, including some sample questions. Let us know how you did!
  • Details on the ARC-AGI here.
  • A graph of OpenAI model performance (and discussion) is here (80,000 hours)

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán start a new season for 2025, with a slight change in format to bring you roughly quarterly updates on the themes and topics required to help you know enough about AI. This first episode of 2025, recorded in mid February, gives a summary of what's happened since last November and answers some of your submitted questions. (Thanks for those!)

Topics in this episode

  • We can't avoid talking about them: Musk & Trump and some of the effects they've both had on the AI space in the last three months
  • Regulatory Developments, and the EU's AI Act starting to come into force
  • US - EU relations, and the continued innovation vs regulation chatter
  • DeepSeek and China's bold entry into the contemporary AI model space
  • What are Reasoning Models and how do they work?
  • Some history and concepts related to machine logic
  • AI Benchmarks - a quick primer as we move closer to "Humanity's Last Exam"

Resources & Links

  • JD Vance's Speech from the Paris AI Conference is here (The American Presidency Project)
  • Details on HLE (Humanity's Last Exam) here, including some sample questions. Let us know how you did!
  • Details on the ARC-AGI here.
  • A graph of OpenAI model performance (and discussion) is here (80,000 hours)

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-16686430 Mon, 24 Feb 2025 23:00:00 +0000 3364 2 1 full false 2024 E6 Doom of Humanity? 2024 E6 Doom of Humanity? Dónal and Ciarán discuss the ways - both real and imagined in fiction - that AI could bring about civilization-ending doom for us all. What can we learn from how sci-fi has treated this topic? What are the distant and nearer potential dooms, and what can we do now, apart from saying thanks to ChatGPT? Oh, and note that listening to this episode may drastically affect your life and cause a future powerful AI to punish you in a psychic prison!

Topics in this episode

  • What is p(Doom) and why are we hearing about it from AI researchers and investors?
  • How has AI doom been dealt with in Sci-fi and can this teach us anything useful?
  • What is Dead Internet Theory and why might AI contribute to the Enshitification of the internet?
  • Why has the religious concept of Paschal's Wager found a new form in AI discussions that started on internet forums?

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán discuss the ways - both real and imagined in fiction - that AI could bring about civilization-ending doom for us all. What can we learn from how sci-fi has treated this topic? What are the distant and nearer potential dooms, and what can we do now, apart from saying thanks to ChatGPT? Oh, and note that listening to this episode may drastically affect your life and cause a future powerful AI to punish you in a psychic prison!

Topics in this episode

  • What is p(Doom) and why are we hearing about it from AI researchers and investors?
  • How has AI doom been dealt with in Sci-fi and can this teach us anything useful?
  • What is Dead Internet Theory and why might AI contribute to the Enshitification of the internet?
  • Why has the religious concept of Paschal's Wager found a new form in AI discussions that started on internet forums?

Resources & Links

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-16174295 Tue, 26 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 2666 1 6 full true 2025 E5 Misinformation and Regulation 2025 E5 Misinformation and Regulation Dónal and Ciarán discuss some of the concerns about misinformation and disinformation that have emerged with the rise of impressively capable GenAI models, and provide some detail on what their effects might be. They discuss the calls for regulation and how this has begun to take shape in the EU, Ireland,  and elsewhere.

Topics in this episode

  • What are the implications for misinformation inherent in the current and emerging GenAI models?
  • Why have there been calls to pause development, and why did this not lead anywhere?
  • How have the various language, image, audio, and video models already been used for problematic content?
  • Is social media ready for the onslaught to come?
  • Can we regulate AI to combat this and how is that beginning?
  • Why should we be critical of offers to self-regulate from the tech companies?
  • What's the EU AI Act? 
  • And why is Ireland using the word "doomsayers" in policy documents about AI?

Resources & Links


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán discuss some of the concerns about misinformation and disinformation that have emerged with the rise of impressively capable GenAI models, and provide some detail on what their effects might be. They discuss the calls for regulation and how this has begun to take shape in the EU, Ireland,  and elsewhere.

Topics in this episode

  • What are the implications for misinformation inherent in the current and emerging GenAI models?
  • Why have there been calls to pause development, and why did this not lead anywhere?
  • How have the various language, image, audio, and video models already been used for problematic content?
  • Is social media ready for the onslaught to come?
  • Can we regulate AI to combat this and how is that beginning?
  • Why should we be critical of offers to self-regulate from the tech companies?
  • What's the EU AI Act? 
  • And why is Ireland using the word "doomsayers" in policy documents about AI?

Resources & Links


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-16130343 Mon, 18 Nov 2024 23:00:00 +0000 2400 1 5 full false 2024 E4 Digesting The Data 2024 E4 Digesting The Data Dónal and Ciarán discuss the vast ocean of data that Large Language Models (LLMs) depend on for their training, covering some of the issues of access to that data and the biases reflected within it. This episode should help you better understand some aspects of the AI training process.

Topics in this episode

  • What data is being used to train models like ChatGPT?
  • What are "supervised" or "unsupervised" machine learning methods?
  • How have the owners of copyright data, like news organisations, reacted to the use of their text?
  • What issues of bias arise in training models based on existing text?
  • What happens when AI models train on AI output?
  • How do we morally and ethically align the actions of AI models, as part of their training?


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán discuss the vast ocean of data that Large Language Models (LLMs) depend on for their training, covering some of the issues of access to that data and the biases reflected within it. This episode should help you better understand some aspects of the AI training process.

Topics in this episode

  • What data is being used to train models like ChatGPT?
  • What are "supervised" or "unsupervised" machine learning methods?
  • How have the owners of copyright data, like news organisations, reacted to the use of their text?
  • What issues of bias arise in training models based on existing text?
  • What happens when AI models train on AI output?
  • How do we morally and ethically align the actions of AI models, as part of their training?


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-16087527 Mon, 11 Nov 2024 21:00:00 +0000 2366 1 4 full false 2024 E3 Meet The Models 2024 E3 Meet The Models Dónal and Ciarán talk you through everything that's emerged since capable Large Language Models entered the chat a few years ago - up to late 2024, at least! This episode covers the companies, models, and tools that have become central to contemporary GenAI, and will broaden your understanding of where things are beyond ChatGPT.

Topics in this episode

  • What are Transformer models and why are these significant?
  • How did OpenAI come to dominate this space?
  • Who are the other organisations to know and what other GenAI models should you be aware of?

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán talk you through everything that's emerged since capable Large Language Models entered the chat a few years ago - up to late 2024, at least! This episode covers the companies, models, and tools that have become central to contemporary GenAI, and will broaden your understanding of where things are beyond ChatGPT.

Topics in this episode

  • What are Transformer models and why are these significant?
  • How did OpenAI come to dominate this space?
  • Who are the other organisations to know and what other GenAI models should you be aware of?

You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Buzzsprout-16048020 Mon, 04 Nov 2024 22:00:00 +0000 3007 1 3 full false 2024 E2 Long Time Coming 2024 E2 Long Time Coming Dónal and Ciarán go back, back, back to see how the long history of computing machines connects to the AI revolution we're in now.

Topics in this episode

  • How far back does the history of humans building machines to aid our thinking go?
  • Why are  French weaving machines and alcoholic poet's daughters involved?
  • How does the history of computing go through County Cork in the 1800s?
  • Who are Turning and Shannon, and why do workplace disagreements leading to new companies fracturing off seem to be a repeating theme?
  • What are the key developments in the evolution of computing that allow us to build AI systems now?

Links & Resources


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán go back, back, back to see how the long history of computing machines connects to the AI revolution we're in now.

Topics in this episode

  • How far back does the history of humans building machines to aid our thinking go?
  • Why are  French weaving machines and alcoholic poet's daughters involved?
  • How does the history of computing go through County Cork in the 1800s?
  • Who are Turning and Shannon, and why do workplace disagreements leading to new companies fracturing off seem to be a repeating theme?
  • What are the key developments in the evolution of computing that allow us to build AI systems now?

Links & Resources


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Buzzsprout-16047968 Mon, 04 Nov 2024 21:00:00 +0000 2884 1 2 full true 2024 E1 Let's Get Started 2024 E1 Let's Get Started Dónal and Ciarán start the series with some explainers that should help you sound much more knowledgeable discussing the state of contemporary AI at your next dinner party.

Topics in this episode

  • What is AI? Why has it seemed to appear so recently and become so important?
  • What's the difference between AI and GenAI?
  • What is ChatGPT and how do models like it work?
  • What are the other important AI tools to be aware of?
  • What does this technology hold for the future of science and society?
  • Are we all doomed?


Links & Resources


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Dónal and Ciarán start the series with some explainers that should help you sound much more knowledgeable discussing the state of contemporary AI at your next dinner party.

Topics in this episode

  • What is AI? Why has it seemed to appear so recently and become so important?
  • What's the difference between AI and GenAI?
  • What is ChatGPT and how do models like it work?
  • What are the other important AI tools to be aware of?
  • What does this technology hold for the future of science and society?
  • Are we all doomed?


Links & Resources


You can get in touch with us - hello@enoughaboutai.com - where we'd love to hear your questions, comments or suggestions! 

]]> Enough About AI Buzzsprout-16047452 Mon, 04 Nov 2024 20:00:00 +0000 2011 1 1 full false