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  <title>The P-Value Podcast</title>

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  <copyright>© 2026 The P-Value Podcast</copyright>
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  <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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  <description><![CDATA[A podcast on philosophy and science and everything in between hosted by Dr. Rachael Brown from Centre for Philosophy of the Sciences in the School of Philosophy at the Australian National University.]]></description>
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  <itunes:keywords>Philosophy, Science, public policy, ethics, bioethics, philosophy of science, metascience, metareserach</itunes:keywords>
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    <itunes:name>Rachael Brown</itunes:name>
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  <podcast:person role="host" href="http://rachaelbrown.net" img="https://storage.buzzsprout.com/k2hdbxolio3rots240igxnknoax5">Dr. Rachael Brown</podcast:person>
  <item>
    <itunes:title>Did Darwin Kill Morality?</itunes:title>
    <title>Did Darwin Kill Morality?</title>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[According to some philosophers Darwinian evolution offers us an explanation for our moral judgements that does not rest on moral truth and thus undermines our reason to trust those judgements. In this Darwin threatens morality. This episode of the P-Value introduces the idea of evolutionary debunking. What does the debunker's challenge entail? And, should we be persuaded by it?   Key References:  Ruse (1986) Evolutionary Ethics: A Pheonix Arisen. Zygon, 21(1):95-112.Street (2006) "Darwin...]]></itunes:summary>
    <description><![CDATA[<p>According to some philosophers Darwinian evolution offers us an explanation for our moral judgements that does not rest on moral truth and thus undermines our reason to trust those judgements. In this Darwin threatens morality. This episode of the P-Value introduces the idea of evolutionary debunking. What does the debunker&apos;s challenge entail? And, should we be persuaded by it?</p><p><br/></p><p>Key References: </p><ul><li>Ruse (1986) Evolutionary Ethics: A Pheonix Arisen. <em>Zygon,</em> 21(1):95-112.</li><li>Street (2006) &quot;Darwinian Dilemma for Realist Theories of Value&quot; <em>Philosophical Studies</em>, 127(1): 109-166.</li><li>&quot;Evolutionary AntiRealism - Early Efforts&quot; from James, Scott M. (2011) <em>An introduction to evolutionary ethi</em>cs. Wiley Blackwell Oxford.</li></ul><p><br/></p><p>Note: This episode is based on a transcription of an original lecture of the same name by Dr. Rachael Brown. That material was adapted into a format suitable for podcast delivery with the assistance of ChatGPT (OpenAI).</p>]]></description>
    <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>According to some philosophers Darwinian evolution offers us an explanation for our moral judgements that does not rest on moral truth and thus undermines our reason to trust those judgements. In this Darwin threatens morality. This episode of the P-Value introduces the idea of evolutionary debunking. What does the debunker&apos;s challenge entail? And, should we be persuaded by it?</p><p><br/></p><p>Key References: </p><ul><li>Ruse (1986) Evolutionary Ethics: A Pheonix Arisen. <em>Zygon,</em> 21(1):95-112.</li><li>Street (2006) &quot;Darwinian Dilemma for Realist Theories of Value&quot; <em>Philosophical Studies</em>, 127(1): 109-166.</li><li>&quot;Evolutionary AntiRealism - Early Efforts&quot; from James, Scott M. (2011) <em>An introduction to evolutionary ethi</em>cs. Wiley Blackwell Oxford.</li></ul><p><br/></p><p>Note: This episode is based on a transcription of an original lecture of the same name by Dr. Rachael Brown. That material was adapted into a format suitable for podcast delivery with the assistance of ChatGPT (OpenAI).</p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 17:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
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    <itunes:duration>908</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Do your genes make you, you? </itunes:title>
    <title>Do your genes make you, you? </title>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[We often talk about "genes for" traits such as depression, and anxiety but what is it for a gene to cause something? Is genetic causation as simple as it is frequently made out to be? In this episode we explore this question asking are your genes who you are?    Use of AI disclosure: GenAI was used in drafting the script for this podcast episode to get feedback and suggestions on podcast style aimed at improving audience engagement.   ]]></itunes:summary>
    <description><![CDATA[<p>We often talk about &quot;genes for&quot; traits such as depression, and anxiety but what is it for a gene to cause something? Is genetic causation as simple as it is frequently made out to be? In this episode we explore this question asking are your genes who you are? </p><p><br/></p><p>Use of AI disclosure: GenAI was used in drafting the script for this podcast episode to get feedback and suggestions on podcast style aimed at improving audience engagement.  </p>]]></description>
    <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We often talk about &quot;genes for&quot; traits such as depression, and anxiety but what is it for a gene to cause something? Is genetic causation as simple as it is frequently made out to be? In this episode we explore this question asking are your genes who you are? </p><p><br/></p><p>Use of AI disclosure: GenAI was used in drafting the script for this podcast episode to get feedback and suggestions on podcast style aimed at improving audience engagement.  </p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 02:00:00 +1100</pubDate>
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    <itunes:duration>883</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>What are scientific models?</itunes:title>
    <title>What are scientific models?</title>
    <itunes:summary></itunes:summary>
    <description></description>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Tue, 10 Oct 2023 01:00:00 +1100</pubDate>
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    <itunes:duration>793</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Defining Life</itunes:title>
    <title>Defining Life</title>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Can we know the answer to the question "what is life?"? Could our definitions of life blinker us to new life forms we might find in the future?  ]]></itunes:summary>
    <description><![CDATA[<p>Can we know the answer to the question &quot;what is life?&quot;? Could our definitions of life blinker us to new life forms we might find in the future? </p>]]></description>
    <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Can we know the answer to the question &quot;what is life?&quot;? Could our definitions of life blinker us to new life forms we might find in the future? </p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Fri, 22 Sep 2023 02:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/13634370/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>765</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>The Metaphysics of Pregnancy</itunes:title>
    <title>The Metaphysics of Pregnancy</title>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A bun in the oven? Eating for two? So many of our common phrases regarding pregnancy presume that pregnancy involves two distinct entities —the foetus and the maternal organism in which it resides. This sort of “container model’ of pregnancy pervades so much of our everyday discourse around pregnancy and in the academic sphere. Philosophical discussions of the ethics of maternal behaviour, for example, frequently claim that the location of a child, whether it be within the uterus, or outside ...]]></itunes:summary>
    <description><![CDATA[<p>A bun in the oven? Eating for two? So many of our common phrases regarding pregnancy presume that pregnancy involves two distinct entities —the foetus and the maternal organism in which it resides. This sort of “container model’ of pregnancy pervades so much of our everyday discourse around pregnancy and in the academic sphere. Philosophical discussions of the ethics of maternal behaviour, for example, frequently claim that the location of a child, whether it be within the uterus, or outside is irrelevant to its ethical status. Socially, the tendency to see pregnant women as parents, with all the responsibilities that carries with it, even before they give birth is common. How justified is this view though? Does it have the sort of biological or scientific basis we might assume it to have?<br/><br/>Follow up references: <br/><a href='https://bump.group/'>https://bump.group/</a><br/><a href='https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATPO-15'>https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATPO-15</a><br/><a href='https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATMR-2'>https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATMR-2</a></p>]]></description>
    <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A bun in the oven? Eating for two? So many of our common phrases regarding pregnancy presume that pregnancy involves two distinct entities —the foetus and the maternal organism in which it resides. This sort of “container model’ of pregnancy pervades so much of our everyday discourse around pregnancy and in the academic sphere. Philosophical discussions of the ethics of maternal behaviour, for example, frequently claim that the location of a child, whether it be within the uterus, or outside is irrelevant to its ethical status. Socially, the tendency to see pregnant women as parents, with all the responsibilities that carries with it, even before they give birth is common. How justified is this view though? Does it have the sort of biological or scientific basis we might assume it to have?<br/><br/>Follow up references: <br/><a href='https://bump.group/'>https://bump.group/</a><br/><a href='https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATPO-15'>https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATPO-15</a><br/><a href='https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATMR-2'>https://philpapers.org/rec/CLATMR-2</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Fri, 25 Aug 2023 01:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/13464407/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>1186</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>true</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>What is Disease?</itunes:title>
    <title>What is Disease?</title>
    <itunes:summary></itunes:summary>
    <description></description>
    <content:encoded></content:encoded>
    <enclosure url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/episodes/13376746-what-is-disease.mp3" length="11000964" type="audio/mpeg" />
    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Thu, 10 Aug 2023 01:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/13376746/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>915</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Is there such a thing as human nature? </itunes:title>
    <title>Is there such a thing as human nature? </title>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[It's not uncommon to hear "human nature" trucked out to explain all sorts of phenomena from war to human nurturing and cooperation. How scientifically valid are such claims? Is there such a thing as human nature? If so, what is it? In this episode of the P-Value, the first in our philosophy of biology season, we ask where there is a scientifically respectable notion of human nature? ]]></itunes:summary>
    <description><![CDATA[<p>It&apos;s not uncommon to hear &quot;human nature&quot; trucked out to explain all sorts of phenomena from war to human nurturing and cooperation. How scientifically valid are such claims? Is there such a thing as human nature? If so, what is it? In this episode of the P-Value, the first in our philosophy of biology season, we ask where there is a scientifically respectable notion of human nature?</p>]]></description>
    <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&apos;s not uncommon to hear &quot;human nature&quot; trucked out to explain all sorts of phenomena from war to human nurturing and cooperation. How scientifically valid are such claims? Is there such a thing as human nature? If so, what is it? In this episode of the P-Value, the first in our philosophy of biology season, we ask where there is a scientifically respectable notion of human nature?</p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Sun, 23 Jul 2023 22:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/13270632/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>1172</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Do scientists have a moral obligation to be public champions of science?</itunes:title>
    <title>Do scientists have a moral obligation to be public champions of science?</title>
    <itunes:summary></itunes:summary>
    <description></description>
    <content:encoded></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Tue, 25 Oct 2022 01:00:00 +1100</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/11556914/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>908</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>8</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Inductive Risk: Why social and ethical values should influence which hypotheses scientists accept</itunes:title>
    <title>Inductive Risk: Why social and ethical values should influence which hypotheses scientists accept</title>
    <itunes:summary></itunes:summary>
    <description></description>
    <content:encoded></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Fri, 07 Oct 2022 01:00:00 +1100</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/11450308/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>961</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>7</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Is good science value-free?</itunes:title>
    <title>Is good science value-free?</title>
    <itunes:summary></itunes:summary>
    <description></description>
    <content:encoded></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Fri, 30 Sep 2022 22:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
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    <itunes:duration>1011</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Choosing The Best Possible Child: The Ethics of Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis</itunes:title>
    <title>Choosing The Best Possible Child: The Ethics of Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis</title>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Pre-Implanatation Genetic Diagnosis is a technology with the great potential to reduce suffering but it also can be mis-used. What purposes should we use PGD for? Where should we draw the line? ]]></itunes:summary>
    <description><![CDATA[<p>Pre-Implanatation Genetic Diagnosis is a technology with the great potential to reduce suffering but it also can be mis-used. What purposes should we use PGD for? Where should we draw the line?</p>]]></description>
    <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pre-Implanatation Genetic Diagnosis is a technology with the great potential to reduce suffering but it also can be mis-used. What purposes should we use PGD for? Where should we draw the line?</p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Tue, 23 Aug 2022 21:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
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    <itunes:duration>960</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Personal Genomics: Who owns your genome?</itunes:title>
    <title>Personal Genomics: Who owns your genome?</title>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[What is personal genomics? What is it used for? What sort of ethical issues surround this technology in society?  EDIT: At 7:54 I describe Huntington's Disease as recessive but it is dominant ]]></itunes:summary>
    <description><![CDATA[<p>What is personal genomics? What is it used for? What sort of ethical issues surround this technology in society?<br/><br/>EDIT: At 7:54 I describe Huntington&apos;s Disease as recessive but it is dominant</p>]]></description>
    <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What is personal genomics? What is it used for? What sort of ethical issues surround this technology in society?<br/><br/>EDIT: At 7:54 I describe Huntington&apos;s Disease as recessive but it is dominant</p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Wed, 17 Aug 2022 23:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/11153859/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>965</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>Dual-Use Dilemmas and the Responsibility of Scientists for the Misuse of their Work</itunes:title>
    <title>Dual-Use Dilemmas and the Responsibility of Scientists for the Misuse of their Work</title>
    <itunes:summary></itunes:summary>
    <description></description>
    <content:encoded></content:encoded>
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    <itunes:author>Rachael Brown</itunes:author>
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    <pubDate>Fri, 12 Aug 2022 22:00:00 +1000</pubDate>
    <podcast:transcript url="https://www.buzzsprout.com/1997629/11126848/transcript" type="text/html" />
    <itunes:duration>852</itunes:duration>
    <itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
    <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
    <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
    <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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  <item>
    <itunes:title>The Ethics of Human Subjects in Research</itunes:title>
    <title>The Ethics of Human Subjects in Research</title>
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