Smart Science Series™ Ruminant Podcasts

Introduction to CNCPS v7 to more cost effectively AA balance

Thu, 16 Nov 2023 05:00:00 +0100

Soon – perhaps before the end of 2023 – we will see the release of CNCPS version 7. This much anticipated update will include many enhancements which should enable dairy producers and their nutritionists to formulate better diets that will improve dairy productivity and profitability.
This webinar will discuss CNCPS and the update to version 7 with Dr. Mike Van Amburgh and Dr. Andrew LaPierre from Cornell University. They both have been actively working to complete this project, and together they have a great understanding of both the long-term “big picture” as well as the in-depth understanding of the fine details of the model.
In this webinar they will share their insights and perspectives on the changes to the CNCPS model, the potential impact these updates will have, and some thoughts on CNCPS moving forward.

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Features: Dr. Mike Van Amburgh, Professor, Cornell University, USA. Dr. Andrew LaPierre, post-doctoral associate, Cornell University, USA. Mike Shearing, Global formulation Manager, Adisseo.

Profound affects on dairy herd sustainability

Thu, 12 Oct 2023 05:00:00 +0200

As the dairy industry actively works to reduce its contribution to climate change, a number of avenues are being pursued. While methane mitigation is grabbing the headlines today, one very important avenue is flying under the radar: improving the efficiency of use of dietary nitrogen in ruminant rations. The end goal is to reduce nitrogen excretion into the environment by:

· Reducing crude protein in the ration,

· Increasing the efficiency of use of the N in CP, and

· Minimizing the nitrogen excreted (converted to nitrous oxide) without impacting dairy performance and profitability.

This webinar focuses on:

· The magnitude and positive consequences of lowering dietary crude protein on improving the efficiency of N utilization,

· The limits to reducing the CP content of rations without hurting performance,

· The opportunity of amino acid balancing diets to not only increase performance but simultaneously further lower dietary CP levels,

· What analytical and feed management practices will be needed to dial in low-protein AA balanced diets that will ensure high performance is maintained,

· How the art of ration formulation may change as the industry is encouraged to take into account the origin of the ingredients in rations,

· Interest in eventually formulating rations not only on classical nutrients but also on carbon footprint specifications, and

· The KPIs to best capture the positive carbon footprint effects of AA balancing on lifetime performance. This would integrate heifer rearing costs, time to first calving, transition cow health and reproduction success, lower involuntary culling and ultimately cows having more lactations in the herd.

Much is to be gained by managing all N inputs on dairy farms efficiently. The gains from lowering CP levels in tandem with AA balancing are at least as important as the potential gains from methane mitigation strategies and luckily will work together to achieve sustainable goals.

If you want to submit a question to our experts: https://adisseo.activehosted.com/f/76

Visit our webpage for more: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/2023-webinar-series-30th-anniversary-of-aa-balancing/

Features: Dr. Chris Reynolds, Professor of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Reading, UK. Dr. Laurent Thiaucourt, Animal Nutrition Consultant, France. Dr. Brian Sloan, Business Director Protected Amino Acids, Adisseo.

Advantages on involuntary culling and herd structure dynamics

Fri, 25 Aug 2023 08:00:00 +0200

The objective of this webinar is to create awareness of how different events that happen throughout the lactation cycle impact the herd’s make-up and affect the overall economics of the dairy. Estimating the long-term effects of non-contemporary events is not an easy task considering all the moving parts happening daily at any given dairy. This is why Dr. Cabrera has developed multiple tools to link events and, via detailed calculations, determine the short- and long-term consequences, from the milk production and herd make-up to ultimately estimate the economics of implementing different management practices or using different nutritional approaches.

In this webinar, Dr. Cabrera explains how some of the simulation models were created. Then we introduce a tool developed by our technical team with Dr. Cabrera to help the end user visualize the full economic impact, taking into consideration changes in dry matter intake, milk volume and composition, health and reproduction when implementing strategies to feed diets that are amino acid balanced.

The website Dr. Cabrera is speaking about is: https://dairymgt.cals.wisc.edu/

If you want to submit a question to our experts: https://adisseo.activehosted.com/f/76

Visit our webpage for more: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/2023-webinar-series-30th-anniversary-of-aa-balancing/

Features: Dr. Victor E. Cabrera, Professor and Extension Specialist in Dairy Management, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. Dr. Daniel Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&I, Adisseo.

Feeding RPM and calcium salts enriched in omega-3 fatty acids

Tue, 20 Jun 2023 17:00:00 +0200

Abstract 1: METHIONINE AND FATTY ACID SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK N3FA PERCENT AND YIELD

Researchers from Cornell University investigated the effects of feeding RPM and calcium salts of fatty acids enriched with or without eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; i.e., n3FA) in transition cows.

Supplying methionine to dairy cows has been observed to improve milk fat production. Additionally, supplying dietary fatty acids is known to alter the fatty acid profile of milk. The research, therefore, focused on the fatty acid composition of milk from cows fed RPM and calcium salts enriched in omega-3 fatty acids.

Offering RPM and enriched calcium salts improved the fatty acid profile of milk. EPA and DHA are known to have beneficial effects on metabolism in both animals and humans. Thus, producing milk with higher EPA and DHA can have health benefits for consumers.

Abstract 2: AFFECT OF RPM AND CALCIUM SALTS ENRICHED IN OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS ON PLASMA AND LIVER PC AND PE PROFILES

The same group from Cornell University also looked into the effects of feeding RPM and calcium salts enriched in omega-3 fatty acids (n3FA) on plasma and liver phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine concentrations of transition cows.

Feeding methionine during the transition period has been observed to have beneficial effects on liver metabolism. n3FA have also been documented to alter metabolism. However, no previous work has investigated the effects of supplying both n3FA and methionine during the transition period.

A randomized complete block study with 75 multiparous cows was used. Cows were assigned to one of four treatments: 1) Methionine (Met) deficient with calcium salts (CS) not enriched in n3FA 2) Methionine adequate with -n3FA, 3) -Met with CS enriched in n3FA or 4) +Met with +n3FA from wk -3 prior to expected calving through wk 4 of lactation.

The results from this trial underscore the importance of feeding EPA and DHA along with a RPM source to high-producing dairy cows during the transition period.

Even though there are not known requirements for polyunsaturated fatty acids for dairy cows, feeding them in conjunction with RPM resulted in changes in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in plasma and liver, reinforcing the beneficial effects reported previously on DMI, milk production and composition, and liver health.

Features: Tanya France, Ph.D. student at Cornell University, USA.

New research related to amino acid supplementation and 1) mitigating milk fat depression and 2) altering mammary extraction of nutrients

Tue, 20 Jun 2023 17:00:00 +0200

Abstract 1: Amino acid supplementation as a potential strategy to mitigate milk fat depression

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin – Madison also evaluated if they could help promote milk fat synthesis by supplying methionine and leucine during a milk fat depression that was induced by feeding dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplying methionine and leucine in the diet has been observed to increase milk fat synthesis via the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Both methionine and leucine are essential amino acids (AA) that activate mTORC1.

The study was conducted as a replicated 4x4 Latin square. All diets included high starch. Factors were fat source: soybean oil or an 80% palmitate fat supplement; and AA level.

As expected, supplying soybean oil (linoleic acid) decreased milk fat percentage and yield compared to the control (palmitate fat supplement). While AA supplementation was not able to fully overcome the milk fat depression induced by soybean oil,it increased milk fat content and tended to increase milk fat production under both fat sources, partially mitigating the milk fat depression. The results further underscore the beneficial effects of AA supplementation on increasing milk fat production.

Abstract 2: Energy source and amino acids independently alter mammary extraction of nutrients

A separate study at the University of Wisconsin – Madison evaluated if mammary extraction of nutrients for the synthesis of milk components is affected by energy source (glucogenic or ketogenic) and by balanced AA supplementation. Twenty dairy cows were enrolled in a replicated 4x4 Latin square with four 28-d periods and 4 treatments arranged as a 2x2 factorial. Factors were AA level, AA deficient, or AA sufficient, balanced for methionine, lysine, and leucine (branched chain AA); and energy source: glucogenic or ketogenic.
Overall, energy source did not affect mammary extraction of nutrients, except for fatty acids (FA) that were supplied at a higher level by the ketogenic diet. On the other hand, balanced AA supplementation increased mammary extraction of AA and FA, in line with the observed response in milk protein and fat production by that treatment. The observed results underscore the benefits of AA balancing on mammary uptake of essential AA, which can support the activation of mTORC1 and, thereby, milk component synthesis. mTORC1 is a cellular nutrient sensing complex that regulates metabolic processes like protein and fat synthesis.

AA balancing dairy cow rations has been observed to enhance both milk protein and fat synthesis. Additionally, insulin and glucogenic energy have been observed to stimulate milk protein yields in dairy cows. Both insulin and AA, particularly methionine and leucine, stimulate mTORC1.

Features: Kathryn Ruh, Ph.D. student at Arriola Apelo Lab, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.

How molecular and gene expression changes in liver tissue from mid-lactation dairy cows supplemented with methionine during a subclinical mastitis challenge

Tue, 20 Jun 2023 17:00:00 +0200

Researchers at Virginia Tech assessed molecular changes in the livers of cows supplemented with methionine during solely a subclinical mastitis challenge. The trial was designed to determine the metabolic response of cows fed Smartamine M and that had been infected by infusing Streptococcus uberis in the rear right quarter of the mammary gland. Thirty-two multiparous Holstein cows were enrolled in the randomized complete block design and assigned to either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with RPM.

The results of this work demonstrate how methionine affects metabolic pathways that impact antioxidant-related genes and, therefore, provide meaningful insights that help to explain the better health and higher milk production of cows after calving. Methionine is not an antibacterial drug, but rather a required nutrient with functional properties.

Feeding methionine during the transition period is becoming a common practice in commercial herds. Cows fed Smartamine M during this period have shown increased DMI and milk production, have experienced lower incidence of post-calving metabolic disorders and have had higher plasma antioxidant status.

Features: Dr. Johan Osorio, Assistant Professor, One Health, Virginia Tech, USA.

How dairy cow immune function and liver functionality index are affected at transition by heat stress and RPM supplementation

Tue, 20 Jun 2023 17:00:00 +0200

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin – Madison examined the beneficial effects of supplemental RPM during transition for dairy cows that were exposed to heat stress.

Cows were blocked by parity and milk production, and were assigned to either thermoneutral conditions, heat stress induced by electric heat blankets, or heat stress along with the inclusion of RPM in the total mixed ration pre- and post-calving.

The results underscored the negative impacts of heat stress on immune function and liver function. Supplying methionine to transition cows under heat stress improved liver function, which can help cows better handle the associated negative metabolic effects.

Heat stress causes increasing losses for the livestock industry as climate change occurs. Supplemental methionine during the transition period has been adopted on commercial farms due to the beneficial effect of methionine on milk production, immune function, inflammation, and metabolism.

Features: Anne Gaudagnin, Ph.D. student at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.

How dairy cow-calf performance is impacted by rumen-protected methionine supplementation during transition and heat stress

Tue, 20 Jun 2023 17:00:00 +0200

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin – Madison examined the effects on cow-calf performance when heat-stressed transition cows received supplemental RPM. Fifty-three cows were fed either a control diet or a control diet with Smartamine M beginning six weeks before expected calving. Four weeks pre-calving all methionine cows and half the control cows received an electric heat blanket. The other half of the control cows were left at thermoneutrality. Overall, RPM supplementation to transition cows reverts the negative impact of heat stress on milk protein and calf wither heights.

The research results underscore the negative effects of heat stress on milk protein production and birth weight of calves. Consistent with previous work using late-lactation cows, methionine supplementation helped to mitigate the negative effects of heat stress on milk protein. Supplemental methionine during the transition period has been increasing on commercial farms due to the beneficial effect of methionine on milk production, health and metabolism as well as on the developing fetus.

Features: Brittney Davidson, Ph.D. student at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.

Strategic use of methionine to impact reproduction

Wed, 17 May 2023 11:00:00 +0200

This webinar links nutrition with dairy health and reproduction. Health, particularly after calving, impacts reproductive outcomes two-to-four months later. Poor health and reproductive performance can each lead to undesirable cullings.

The challenge is to connect these two maladies. They don’t occur at the same time, so few people make the connection between them. During the webinar, the speakers give clear explanations of how the nutrition after calving is connected to reproductive problems and higher culling rates, and provide examples of how nutrition, specifically the essential nutrient methionine, helps cows overcome these stresses.

If you want to submit a question to our experts: https://adisseo.activehosted.com/f/76

Visit our webpage for more: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/2023-webinar-series-30th-anniversary-of-aa-balancing/

Features: Dr. Phil Cardoso, Associate Professor of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, USA. Dr. Mateus Toledo, Dairy Nutrition Consultant, Land O’Lakes – Purina Animal Nutrition, USA. Dr. Daniel Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&I, Adisseo.

Ensure a good start to the lactation cycle

Fri, 14 Apr 2023 10:00:00 +0200

This webinar gives you an appreciation for the science behind the indexes (LFI, LAI, PIRI) used to gauge the liver health of cows during the transition period. The discussion includes how to use and interpret the indexes, and their importance in guiding management practices. The conversation closes with why it is important to assure that the pre-fresh diet contains enough methionine to help cows cope with postpartum challenges.

To summarize, we discuss the importance of the transition phase to the whole lactation cycle, what areas to work on to lower unwanted cullings, and the tools we have to assess the challenges cows experience during the peripartum period.

If you want to submit a question to our experts: https://adisseo.activehosted.com/f/76

Visit our webpage for more: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/2023-webinar-series-30th-anniversary-of-aa-balancing/

Features: Dr. Johan Osorio, Assistant Professor, One Health, Virginia Tech, USA. Dr. Erminio Trevisi, Head of Department of Animal Sciences, Food Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy. Dr. Daniel Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&I, Adisseo.

History of Amino Acid balancing and solutions for improved milk and components

Thu, 23 Mar 2023 16:00:00 +0100

This webinar will give you an appreciation for the history of the science behind amino acid (AA) balancing, the amino acids of most importance, and what improvements to expect in milk yield, fat yield and protein yield when effectively achieving target levels of lysine and methionine.

Dr. Chuck Schwab’s Ph.D. work was the catalyst for the development of AA balancing as we know it today. The first milestone to the practical implementation of AA balancing was the publication of the integrated INRA AA formulation system in 1993.

Initially AA balancing was only thought to have an effect on milk protein. Today a recent summation of 25 production trials in which rations were AA balanced using Adisseo rumen protection technologies shows clearly that AA balancing affects positively milk fat synthesis as well as milk protein.

The trial results show an increase of 1.7 kg/day in energy corrected milk (ECM), +60 g/day in milk protein and +80 g/day in milk fat, corresponding to average increases of +0.13% and +0.16% in protein and fat content respectively. Trial results have been replicated in commercial dairy farms, but formulation practices will determine how successful the results of AA balancing will be.

Features: Chuck Schwab, Schwab Consulting, LLC; Professor Emeritus, University of New Hampshire, USA. Franck Gaudin, Dairy Business Director, Big Gain Feed, Inc., USA, Owner, FG Consulting, LLC. Dr. Brian Sloan, Business Director -- Protected Amino Acids, Adisseo.

How methionine improves transition health

Thu, 13 Oct 2022 14:00:00 +0200

When the cows’ nutritional requirement for methionine, an essential amino acid, goes unanswered, the incidence of metabolic disease increases. A methionine shortage is also associated with low dry matter intake, lower-than-optimal milk and milk component levels, reduced reproductive performance, and an increase in involuntary cullings.

Methionine is heavily involved in the metabolic pathways of dairy cows. It is considered the
enabler of all protein synthesis and, thus, the origin of life. Today’s increasingly precise dairy rations are formulated with a focus on amino acid content that replaces the previous focus on metabolizable protein (MP).

Methionine is a first-limiting amino acid. The cows’ need cannot be fully met by feedstuffs
alone. Dairy nutritionists can best answer the cows’ nutritional requirement by using a rumen-protected methionine in a ration balanced for amino acids.

How selenomethionine mitigates oxidative stress at transition

Thu, 13 Oct 2022 14:00:00 +0200

During the transition period, dairy cows experience increased disease risk due to oxidative
stress factors such as environmental stress (e.g., heat stress), nutrition, body condition
score, disease challenge, obesity, and increased plasma NEFA concentrations. Oxidative stress is associated with diseases such as mastitis, acidosis, ketosis, enteritis, pneumonia along with respiratory diseases. It’s also associated with the retention of fetal membranes post-calving and disrupting the activity of the corpus luteum.

To cope with oxidative stress, a ready and constant supply of selenoproteins is required during the stress event. Selenium, a trace element in selenoproteins, provides this antioxidant defense. Selenium is an essential part of 25 selenoproteins more than half of which are directly or indirectly involved in the maintenance of the body’s redox balance and antioxidant defense.

To ensure the animal’s optimal selenium status, supply selenium in the organic form and in
particular in the form of selenomethionine. It is a safe storage form of selenium. When fed the hydroxy-selenomethionine Selisseo®, dairy cows naturally build an endogenous selenium reserve within their body proteins.

Selenomethionine or hydroxy-selenomethionine must be supplied via feedstuffs or supplements. They cannot be synthesized by dairy cows. With feedstuffs, the selenium content varies with the soils where they were grown. To build selenium reserves, supplement with Selisseo, so selenoproteins are readily and constantly available during stress events. Selisseo significantly improves selenium and antioxidant status.

How vitamin A enhances immune performance at transition

Thu, 13 Oct 2022 14:00:00 +0200

An enhanced immune performance at transition is one of four ways in which vitamin A helps dairy cattle. The other three are enhanced respiratory, digestive, and reproductive performance. Vitamin A, an essential nutrient, is stored in the liver and released according to the needs of target organs. The world’s most bioavailable vitamin A product Microvit® A Supra Ruminant is stable in premixes and pelleted feeds and becomes 100% available in the small intestine for absorption and use by the dairy cow. Its introduction changed the market standard.

How mycotoxin deactivators reduce problems at transition

Thu, 13 Oct 2022 14:00:00 +0200

Even low levels of mycotoxins in rations increase dairy cow problems at transition. Mycotoxin contamination is associated with an increase in the incidences of ketosis, retained placentas, displaced abomasums, mastitis, metritis, lameness, elevated somatic cell counts and decreases in milk production. These invisible, tasteless and odorless toxins accumulate from crop production through feed production. They are often implicated by the poor response of health conditions to veterinary therapy.

Adisseo solutions to the global challenge of mycotoxin contamination include the popular Unike® Plus and Toxy Nil® mycotoxin detoxifiers in conjunction with the MycoMan® [mycotoxin management] range of services. MycoMan enables growers and feed producers to monitor, predict, and test grain quality, so they can react to feed contamination in a timely fashion.

How digestibility enhancers maximize the nutrients available to transition cows

Thu, 13 Oct 2022 14:00:00 +0200

Maximizing the nutrient levels available from feedstuffs advances the cow’s nutritional status. To optimize rumen function, stimulate fiber digestion, and improve production, feed Nutri®-Ferm a unique natural fungal fermentation product.

The resulting higher level of fiber digestibility and higher rates of digestion stimulate a balanced beneficial rumen microflora population for a higher microbial protein yield. Ketosis is minimized, especially during heat stress when dry matter intake is reduced. Acidosis is minimized as lactate is consumed by lactate utilizers which stabilize gut pH. Many consider Nutri-Ferm to be a quintessential prebiotic for improving performance and mitigating the potential surfacing of metabolic diseases.

How essential amino acids positively affect milk fat synthesis

Thu, 06 Oct 2022 08:00:00 +0200

Researchers from Unesp, Jaboticabal, Brazil, sought to evaluate the effects of essential amino acids on de novo milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. They noted that increased milk fat yield has been observed when dairy cows are supplemented with essential amino acids. Milk fat is one of the most important components considered in establishing milk price.

The researchers exposed the mammary cells to treatments in which a single essential amino acid was omitted at a time, along with positive (containing all essential amino acids) and negative (containing no essential amino acids) controls. Omission of methionine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine, and lysine influenced milk fat synthesis at the primary mammary epithelial cell level.

In order to formulate diets that can increase milk fat production in dairy cattle, the researchers concluded that it is important to understand the relationships among essential amino acid nutrition and mammary gland milk fat synthesis.

Based on 2022 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:

2376W Linking amino acids to milk fat synthesis.

Features Dr. Izabelle Teixeira, Professor at the University of Idaho. Yumi Taguti, undergraduate student at Unesp, Jaboticabal, Brazil. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Daniel Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&I, Adisseo. Dr. Danielle Coleman, Ruminant R&I Science Manager, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/

How balanced amino acid supplementation stimulates milk and component production independently of energy sources

Wed, 28 Sep 2022 23:00:00 +0200

Researchers from the University of Wisconsin – Madison hypothesized that glucogenic energy, by stimulating insulin secretion, may increase the effect of amino acids on the production of milk components. Using a Latin square design with four 28-d periods, they fed two energy sources — glucogenic (27.5% starch, 3.2% fatty acids) or ketogenic (20.0% starch, 5.8% fatty acids) — and two amino acid levels — 10% metabolizable amino acid deficient or amino acid sufficient, balanced for leucine, lysine and methionine.

Overall, balanced amino acid supplementation stimulated production of milk and components independently of energy source, but milk urea nitrogen and urinary nitrogen excretion results suggest cows used nitrogen more efficiently under glucogenic diets.

Based on 2022 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:

1243 Energy source and amino acids additively stimulate milk fat production but interact on the regulation of milk protein synthesis

Features Dr. Sebastian Arriola Apelo, Assistant Professor at the University of Wisconsin. Kathryn Ruh, MSc student at the University of Wisconsin. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Daniel Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&I, Adisseo. Dr. Danielle Coleman, Ruminant R&I Science Manager, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/

How feeding rumen protected methionine during a subclinical mastitis challenge benefits performance and oxidative stress

Thu, 22 Sep 2022 08:00:00 +0200

In a study led by South Dakota State University, researchers evaluated the effects of rumen-protected methionine (Smartamine® M) on lactation performance and liver glutathione of lactating dairy cows during a subclinical mastitis challenge.

Cows either received a control diet or one supplemented with 0.09% rumen-protected methionine, and mastitis was induced in one quarter of each mammary gland.

There was a trend for greater milk yield after subclinical mastitis in cows supplemented with rumen protected methionine compared to controls. Milk protein percent was higher in Smartamine® M (+0.19% units) before the challenge and was maintained post challenge. The milk fat percent for Smartamine® M increased by 0.43% immediately post challenge. No differences were observed in energy metabolites or dry matter intake. There were also greater liver glutathione levels in supplemented cows. These results show that methionine supplementation during subclinical mastitis may positively affect milk performance and increase liver glutathione in lactating dairy cows.

A second abstract examined inflammation and immune response results of the cows in this trial, showing that methionine supplementation during a subclinical mastitis challenge may control inflammation and oxidative stress while potentially increasing immune cell capabilities through enhanced cellular protein synthesis.

Based on 2022 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstracts:

1224 Rumen-protected methionine supplementation improves oxidative status and lactation performance during a subclinical mastitis challenge in lactating dairy cows.

1223 Rumen-protected methionine supplementation during subclinical mastitis challenge benefit dairy cow inflammation and immune cell mTOR pathway.

Features Anita Paz, MSc student at the South Dakota State University. Tainara Michelotti, MSc student at the South Dakota State University. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Daniel Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&I, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/

How sodium butyrate improves duodenal development in calves

Thu, 15 Sep 2022 07:00:00 +0200

Podcast only in Portuguese! Go to our website to have the english spoken video: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/.
Researchers at the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil evaluated duodenal development of Holstein calves supplemented with 4 g/d of sodium butyrate (Adimix® Easy) at 15 and 30 days after birth. Intestinal villi length and crypt depth at d 30 were increased for calves supplemented with sodium butyrate.

Calves that did not receive sodium butyrate had more cases of diarrhea, and markers of gene expression indicated intestinal tissue was also less mature with more evidence of tissue repair. The researchers concluded sodium butyrate supplementation resulted in greater intestinal development.

Based on 2022 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:

2349W Sodium butyrate improves duodenal development even in calves with neonatal diarrhea.

Features Murilo Nicola, MSc student at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Shane Fredin, Ruminant Specialties & Solutions Category Director, Adisseo. Ricardo Rocha, Regional Category Manager Ruminant Specialties & Solutions, Brazil, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/

How methionine and fatty acids enriched in omega-3 improve liver function and enhance lactation

Thu, 08 Sep 2022 08:00:00 +0200

Cornell University researchers delivered two abstracts that investigated the effects of feeding rumen-protected methionine and calcium salts of fatty acids enriched with or without C20:5 and C22:6 (n3FA).

For the studies, 79 multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to one of four treatments: (1) methionine unsupplemented with calcium salts of palm oil not enriched in n3FA, (2) methionine supplemented but without n3FA supplement, (3) methionine unsupplemented but with calcium salts of fatty acids enriched in n3FA, or (4) methionine supplemented with n3FA. Treatments were fed from 4 weeks prior to expected calving through week 4 of lactation.

Looking at milk production, the Cornell researchers found that yields of energy-corrected milk (ECM) and milk fat, protein and lactose yields and lactose percentage were greater in cows provided n3FA, while fat-corrected milk tended to be greater. Milk protein percentage was greater and milk fat percentage tended to be greater in cows fed supplemented methionine and n3FA compared to other groups. Feeding RP-methionine together with n3FAs improved ECM by 5.5 kg per day vs the non-supplemented control.

In an accompanying poster, the researchers examined the liver function results of the same cows. Postpartum liver functionality index values (plasma bilirubin, serum cholesterol, and serum albumin) tended to be greater for cows supplemented with methionine and n3FA relative to the other groups, leading the researchers to conclude that feeding transition cows RP-methionine and calcium salts enriched in n3FA also improves liver function.

Based on 2022 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstracts:

1244 Effects of feeding rumen-protected methionine and calcium salts enriched in omega-3 fatty acids on lactation in periparturient dairy cows.

2280T Effects of feeding rumen-protected methionine and calcium salts enriched in omega-3 fatty acids on measures of liver function in periparturient cows.

Features Tanya France, MS PhD Candidate at the Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Daniel Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&I, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/

How life cycle assessment demonstrates the environmental benefits of optimizing amino acids in dairy cow diets

Wed, 31 Aug 2022 12:00:00 +0200

Research from France evaluated the cradle-to-farmgate environmental performance of dairy production using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) calculations performed in the dairy module of the Animal Production Systems tool from Blonk Sustainability Tools.

A theoretical methionine-balanced diet was simulated by substituting mainly soybean meal (typically imported into France) with cereals relative to the control diet. The optimized methionine-balanced diet increased predicted dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition.

Consequently, LCA parameters were affected, decreasing the impact in France on climate change, acidification, eutrophication and land use. This research shows that balancing diets for methionine improves cow performance and may reduce environmental impacts.

Based on 2022 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:

2220T Optimizing diets for metabolizable methionine may reduce dairy environmental impact.

Features Davide Militello, MSc student at the University of Turin, Italy. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Laurent Thiaucourt, Animal Nutrition Consultant for Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/

How ration amino acid balancing improves the environmental impact of nitrogen from dairy cows

Wed, 24 Aug 2022 14:00:00 +0200

European researchers described how the EU Project Dy+Milk investigated better efficiency of metabolizable protein use by reducing dietary metabolizable protein content through less use of soybean meal from Brazil and balancing the profile of digestible amino acids in diets for lactating cows.

This investigation confirmed that better balancing methionine and lysine using rumen-protected amino acids in reduced metabolizable protein diets (containing less Brazilian soybean meal) increased cow performance and improved the environmental impact of nitrogen in high production dairy cow herds in western France.

Based on 2022 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:

2279T Rumen-protected methionine and lysine supplementation improved performances and environmental impact of nitrogen when lowering dietary protein content in dairy farms

Features Davide Militello, MSc student at the University of Turin, Italy. Robert Bennett, Ruminant Category Manager, EMEA, Adisseo. Dr. Lahlou Bahloul, Global Ruminant Support, Rumen Protected Nutrients, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to: https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-videos-and-podcasts/

How Non Essential Amino Acids Affect Transition

Wed, 15 Sep 2021 16:00:00 +0200

Non essential AA play an important role in early postpartum milk production and protein synthesis. Research results point to the importance of the supply of certain non essential amino acids for maximizing early postpartum milk production and protein synthesis.

To maximize milk yields and components at the start of lactation, two factors are important. First, optimize a supply of essential AAs with a profile similar to casein through ration formulation with diverse protein sources and protected amino acids. Then ensure an adequate supply of certain non essential amino acids.

Researchers explored the use of 15N as a biomarker to predict nitrogen use efficiency in the peripartum period. They found that 15N may have limited applicability as a biomarker to predict nitrogen use efficiency.

Based on two 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstracts:
373 Abomasal amino acid infusions in postpartum dairy cows.
374 Effect of abomasal amino acid infusions on metabolism in postpartum.
164 Predictions of N use efficiency from natural 15N abundance in periparturient dairy cows are impaired by the protein mobilization.

Features Dr. Lahlou Bahloul , Global Lead on Ruminant Support, Adisseo, for Aarhus University, Denmark, and INRAE. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to :
https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How Sodium Butyrate Compares to Monensin

Wed, 15 Sep 2021 16:00:00 +0200

Researchers compared the effects of supplementing sodium butyrate, monensin, or both to post-weaned heifers. The addition of either additive conferred positive effects in terms of greater dry matter intake, body weights and lower coccidia oocysts compared to the use of no additive.

Based on 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:
P244 Sodium butyrate and monensin supplementation to post-weaned heifer diets: Effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health

Features Tess Stahl, Graduate Student, University of New Hampshire. Keith Klanderman, Business Director – Ruminant Specialties and Solutions, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to:
https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How Higher CP Rations Impact Lactating Dairy Ewe Performance.

Wed, 15 Sep 2021 16:00:00 +0200

Two studies were conducted to investigate amino acid requirements in sheep. The first study found that supplementation of rumen-protected methionine to high and low crude protein diets (14.8% and 16.6%) in Lacaune dairy ewes during early lactation did not alter intakes, milk yield or milk protein. Increasing crude protein also did not improve performance, but an excess metabolizable protein supply could explain why there was no milk protein response in methionine balanced diets.

The second study found that methionine supplementation at 2.5% and 2.7% of metabolizable methionine/PDI to dairy ewes increased milk protein content compared to control with 1.8%. Supplementing at 2.5% increased milk protein content the most, suggesting that the dietary metabolizable methionine recommendation of 2.5% in dairy cows may be extended to dairy ewes.

Based on two 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstracts:
P483 Metabolizable methionine balanced diets improved Lacaune dairy ewe performance.
491 Effects of the level of dietary protein and methionine supplementation in dairy ewes in early lactation.

Features Dr. Sergio Calsamiglia, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to:
https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How to accurately and reliably estimate the bioavailability of amino acids in rumen-protected supplements.

Mon, 13 Sep 2021 11:00:00 +0200

The plasma free-amino acid (AA) dose-response method has now become the gold standard for estimating the bioavailability of AA in rumen protected AA supplements. Its robust but simple methodology consistently delivers the level of accuracy and reliability that’s needed. Refinements and improvements have reduced experimental variation while increasing accuracy and precision.

Based on 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:
S177 The plasma dose response technique: Its application in determining relative bioavailability of rumen protected amino acids.

Features Dr. Nancy Whitehouse, Research Scientist, University of New Hampshire. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How RP-AA supplementation of Low-Forage Diet Helps Health, Production.

Mon, 06 Sep 2021 16:00:00 +0200

The effect of supplementing low-forage dairy diets (28% forage) with rumen protected lysine and methionine to balance amino acid levels was evaluated. Supplemental amino acids did not alter milk fat and protein but had beneficial effects on milk yield and mammary health, increasing yields by +0.6 kg/d and decreasing risk of mastitis (0.39 times lower).

Based on 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:
P461 Supplementing low-forage diets with rumen-protected Met and Lys results in a reduction in mastitis risk and a modest increase of milk yield for mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows.

Features Marcelo Abreu, Graduate Student, University of California – Davis. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to:
https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How Methionine and Energy Affect Milk Fatty Acid Profiles.

Mon, 06 Sep 2021 16:00:00 +0200

Methionine influences the synthesis of fatty acids in the mammary gland resulting in improvements in milk fat yield. In full lactation cows producing 50kgs/day, feeding Smartamine M, not only improved milk protein but also milk fat percent (4.13% vs 3.87%) independently of the metabolizable energy level of the diet.

The increase in milk fat was mediated through an increase in preformed and monounsaturated fatty acids while decreasing polyunsaturated fatty acids. Further analysis is ongoing to better understand the mechanism of action of methionine on milk fat synthesis.

Based on 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:
456 Rumen-protected methionine and its relationship with milk fatty acid profile in high-producing dairy cows under different planes of dietary energy

Features Jorge Carneiro, Graduate Student, Universidade Federal do Parana, Brazil. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How Reproduction Improves with Rumen Protected Methionine.

Mon, 06 Sep 2021 16:00:00 +0200

Research shows the uterine immunometabolic status of dairy cows improves when a rumen protected methionine is fed during the peripartum period. The abundance of mRNA in inflammatory and metabolic pathways were favorably altered, indicating a beneficial effect of methionine on immune responses and metabolism during the challenging transition period and early lactation. This favors a uterine environment for successful breeding.

Based on 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:
457 Rumen-protected methionine improves uterine immunometabolic status of dairy cows.

Features Anne Rosi Guadagnin, Graduate Student, University of Illinois. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to :
https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How Mycotoxin Deactivation Improves Health and Performance

Mon, 06 Sep 2021 16:00:00 +0200

Mycotoxins reduce rumen performance, according to UNH research. Mycotoxin deactivators increase the production of beneficial metabolites and, thus, increase cow health and performance.

The effects of the mycotoxin deactivator UNIKE® Plus was investigated on rumen parameters in cows fed mycotoxin-contaminated dried distillers grains. While mycotoxin impaired rumen volatile fatty acid production and the microbial population, these parameters were restored by the mycotoxin deactivator, resulting in a healthier rumen.

Based on 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstract:
469 Effects of mycotoxin deactivator on rumen parameters: In vivo and in vitro approaches

Features Dr. Nancy Whitehouse, Research Scientist, University of New Hampshire. Guilherme Bromfman, Regional Category Manager – Mycotoxins N&CA, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo.

To view abstracts, go to:
https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/

How Supplemental Methionine Moderates Heat Stress

Thu, 19 Aug 2021 13:00:00 +0200

Supplemental methionine modulated liver protein abundance and enzyme activity, stabilizing metabolism and making cows less susceptible to the metabolic disruptions caused by heat stress.

Based on two 2021 American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) abstracts:
436 Rumen-protected methionine during heat stress alters hepatic cystathionine β-synthase and methionine adenosyltransferase activity.
438 Hepatic insulin and antioxidant signaling are altered by rumen-protected methionine during heat stress in response to lipopolysaccharide challenge.

Features Dr. Danielle Coleman, Ruminant R&I Science Manager with Adisseo; research conducted while a graduate student at the University of Illinois. Dr. Brian Sloan, Global Director of Ruminant Amino Acids and Protected Nutrient Business, Adisseo. Dr. Dan Luchini, Head of Ruminant R&D, Adisseo .

To view abstracts, go to : https://www.adisseo.com/en/products/smartline/smart-science-series-ruminant-podcasts/