Think Alfred was great? Check out his grandson. Raised by his badass warrior aunt, Æthelstan was famously pious, a bit of a clever cloggs and a decent fighter. He came to the throne later than most but would have a major impact on the development of England, calling himself the "king of the whole of Britain." Was this really the case? Find out in the pod.

On the 30th January 1972 a peaceful protest march in Derry, Northern Ireland turned into a civilian massacre. 14 people lost their lives as the British military opened fire on unarmed crowds. It was an event that started the longest and bloodiest year in the history of the Troubles. What made it even worse was the British establishments attempts to cover up what happened and paint the victims as terrorists, a slur that would last until 2010, nearly 40 years later. 

Join us as we unravel the gripping story behind one of the most pivotal moments of the Troubles.

Dance, dance, dance till you're dead, literally. In 1518 the poor inhabitants of the city of Strasbourg were struck with the most unusual affliction, they began to strut their stuff and just couldn't stop, so what caused this horrifically peculiar outbreak? Slip on your blue suede shoes and listen in to find out!

Creepy staccato voices, playful jingles, and random numbers. Welcome to the weird and haunting world of number stations, shortwave radio made especially for your friendly neighbourhood spy. Delve into these cold war mysteries with us.

Special shoutout and thank you to the Conet project, a series of recordings made of the stations made with painstaking care.

 Unemployment, benefit cuts, the rise of facism, royal mishaps and lack of quality housing...No it's not present day Britain, but the era of the Great Depression, the 1930's. In a truly hodgepodge episode, we pick out some of the things around the decade that piqued our interest. So come and learn about how history truly seems to be repeat itself.

Bienvenue les amis and welcome to an episode all about one of the greatest catastrophes in France's history. The decimation and near extinction of its wine industry. All caused by a tiny visitor from the new world wreaking havoc. Makes a change form the usual...Come and learn how this crisis was averted and European wine was left forever changed. 

Back in the 1930's three upper class blokes got together to start the first big social history project in Britain. The fruit of their work was Mass Observation, a project that gathered the real thoughts and opinions of ordinary working people on everything from the public to the very private... Hear the exciting story.

The first English colony in North America ended in a mystery that has entranced people for centuries. Colony leader John White left and returned three years later to find no trace of hundreds of people, including his own daughter. We trace the brief history of the colony's from it's early beginnings to its slightly mysterious end...

One of the most controversial social psychological experiments ever, Milgram's Obedience tests shocked the real world for its results, and the psychological world for his methods. Find out what they were, their impact and also who the people were behind them.  

Sex, politics, Russians, dodgy police. This story has it all. Tory sex scandals may not be an eyebrow raiser anymore, but here's where it all began. This is the affair that rocked the British political establishment and gave birth to the media lust for saucy stories. Find out all about this crazy cast of characters featuring a socialite osteopath, a cabaret star and a horny Tory MP among others.

How about a nice cup of Rosy Lee, cha, builders or just a plain brew? Tea is one of the mos popular drinks in the world, the second as it stands, but how much do we know about where its from? How its made? Or even what the right amount of milk (if any) we should pop in it. Join us as a we take a brief tour from its origin to the modern day, that takes us to China, India and back to Blighty.

Is it a bird? Is it a plane? No, it's a silver beach ball with extensions. It's Sputnik 1, the world's first satellite, launched by the USSR on October 4th 1957 to the shocked, amazed and terrified world. Come here the story of how it was made possible, fuelled by a fierce intellectual rivalry between a charismatic ex-Nazi and a former enemy of the Russian state, turned hero. 

We tend to think of serial killers as a modern thing and indeed the term is very recent (in the grand scheme of things!) but what about before we knew the term? Were there serial killers roaming the streets of...well Rome? Was saucy Jack just copying some French nobles and claiming to be original? Join us as we look at some of the worlds "first" serial killers from the ancient world to the middle ages.

Although they've been gone over 700 years, the Knights Templar fascinate and inspire many across the globe. We take a look at the real organisation, how they began, what they got up to and their grisly downfall. Sadly the real story is less mysterious and magical as popular legends suggest, but if you love prayer and horses, you're in for a treat!

Where would the world be without the trusty post? The medium of many a crank, soppy poet and aggressive coupon chancers everywhere. We take a look at one of the longest running public mail systems, a national institution (quite literally), that enabled communications far and wide across Britain and beyond for half a century. It wasn't quite the world's first public system, but had some notable firsts including the postmark and the stamp. Not too shabby.

Wotcha saveloy? Were going to get a bit Piccadilly today aren't as we delve into the wondrous world of cockney, the people and the slang, so hold on your Alan Wickers for the Harry Lime of your fork and knife. 

Translation: Cockney history fun. 

Life for women in the 19th century was hard, really hard. As a married woman you basically didn't exist, everything that was yours, was actually your husbands, even your kids. Then along came Caroline Norton, a strong minded, intelligent author who challenged the laws of her day after suffering at them first hand. Hear her story and how she helped champion the first pieces of feminist legislation in the UK. 

Come discover the birth of Great Britain and learn about the 1707 Act of Union between Scotland and England, which the Scottish totally, honestly, wanted... and launched one of the biggest empires the world has ever seen. 

The wonderful succulent world of fruit awaits. We've been scoffing it for centuries, but how did the fruit we all come to know and admire from afar on our kitchen tables (or tv's in some cases...) get there in the first place. So prepare to go bananas and enjoy an appealing bunch of juicy facts.

When we think of great Prime Ministers, Lord North is probably close to the bottom of the list. A corpulent and charismatic figure,  he led the British Government during the war of American Independence, a staggering defeat that finally knocked him out of office after 12 years in power (and after attempting to resign several times before he finally managed to...). Learn about the man and his motivations and whether history was right to be less than kind to his legacy.

Ancient, pointy, symmetrically impressive, no this is not Keith Richards, but the Pyramids. Engineering marvels from one of the oldest and greatest nations to exist. Find out how, why and who built this majestic tombs in the episode, but honestly the short version is, if you want something built to last and built right, call an Ancient Egyptian. 

Is it "fantastic?" A truly 21st century invention, although actually, plastics go back centuries and most modern plastics were actually discovered in the 19th century...however it certainly embodies the sprit of capitalist consumerism. From our soda bottles, to our clothes, plastic is everywhere, and has made our society possible. Find out the fascinating history of how it went from wonder material to villainous turtle killer (which is ironic in a way....)

The story of Enron is one of greed, corruption, incompetence and toxicity, all the hallmarks of a successful American enterprise. One of the biggest financial scandals in business history kicked off the 21st century. Once described as "the smartest guys in the room", admittedly by themselves, the big brains at Enron did at least change the course of history, by showing us all how a business should never, ever be run.

The Great War has ended, thousands of citizens from across the colonies have answered the call of the Empire, but now the dust has settled, the troops are home, they are no longer welcome. Despite also existing as communities for centuries in Britain, Black and Arab people found themselves the target of racial violence and were told to "go home", as tempers flared ostensibly over jobs. Race riots that were never thought possible on Britain's shores, became a reality, erupting in major cities, including Cardiff and Liverpool. 

Often called the Russian Lincoln, we take a look at the life of Alexander the 2nd of well...Russia. Thought of as too emotional and lazy by his peers, he certainly showed them! Known for emancipating the serfs and trying desperately to reform Russia against a rising tide of violent terrorism, Alexander ultimately fell to an assassin's bomb. In his life he managed to make seismic changes to Russia, but his death would go on to have an even greater impact...

War. War never changes, but the reasons do! And while it may sound strange anyway to start one over fancying another person's bit of land for yourself, there are even more absurd reasons! Gunning down pigs and dogs, non-vegan gun cartridges, overpriced bakeries... there are certainly some interesting stories here that go to show precisely why we have the Darwin awards.

Nowadays it's a given that the earth sits orbiting the sun, but not always! For centuries, in fact you could say not that long ago, we thought the earth was the centre of the universe. I mean why not? We're God's chosen or something right? So to make this a reality lots of people came up with complicated systems to explain it, that didn't really work, then thankfully Copernicus came along and said you're doing it wrong. If you like circles, you'll love this one. 

Ah the life of a spy. Fast cars, strange gadgets, glamorous women and....er corpses. Well one corpse to be precise. Hear the unbelievable and outrageous tale of Operation Mincemeat, the successful plan to disguise the Invasion of Sicily from Adolf and his gang, all using a phoney set of orders planted on a soldiers body.  And it was basically lifted straight from a dodgy spy novel you could read in most bookshops, which apparently was all the criterion you needed to be in espionage back then...

Bones, broomsticks, japes and jack o' lanterns, Halloween is a day packed with fright and fun, but where did it all come from? Is it just another phoney day ripe for corporations to profit off? Or does it in fact have a long, rich and mildly complicated history stretching back centuries in the British and Irish isles? No clues there...Anyway join us on a spooky trip to where the night originally known as All Hallow's Eve began...

From voluminous tomes to last night's takeaway, the printing press was responsible for making the printed word accessible for everyone. It helped challenge ideas, spread knowledge and enable the fast production of everyones favourite dirty magazines. What's not to love? But where did it come from and who invented it? Was it the man from Mainz or perhaps somewhere a little further east.... 

Hold your noses this one's going to be a whopper as we delve into the murky depths of the Victorian Thames, which handily doubled as a mass sewer for all the city's waste. This all changed on one fatefully hot summer in 1858 when boiling faeces forced Parliament to act before their nostrils exploded. They passed a bill in just 18 days to build thousands of miles of sewers, designed by Joseph Bazalgette, which are still in use today! Spare a thought for him next time you spend a penny... 

Years before a wall went up in Germany's capital, it took centre stage at the birth of the cold war. The city was in ruins, starving and subjected to the subjugation of its conquerors, but it was about to get a lot worse.

In 1948, following political squabbles gone array,  the Soviet blockade of Berlin began cutting off the city from the West. What followed was one of the most ambitious aid operations ever considered, and indeed completed, as the Western Allies’ fed a city of over two million, with nothing but a few hundred wings and a prayer.  So, without further Stalin, join us on a trip back in time to one of Berlin’s bleakest periods, with no David Hasselhoff to save the day!

The discovery of radio waves was a seismic event in scientific history, it opened a whole new range of communication possibilities....even if the many individuals across the world who researched and developed the concept couldn't actually see a use for their work. Thanks to their discoveries, you are able to happily turn on the radio every morning for your daily dose of banal chat and overhyped pop music. God bless those talented souls...

Political manoeuvring , experiments in eugenics, substance abuse...the third Olympiad of 1904 in St Louis really had it all. And we haven't even mentioned the bricklaying marathon runner getting a lift halfway through the race! Find out more about this bizarre and astounding event that forever etched itself onto the athletic history books, perhaps not necessarily for the right reasons.... 

No this isn't the story about a delicious chocolate bar, this is the story of the most famous mutiny in British naval history. A tale of betrayal, madness, sexual slavery and murder. Who needs Netflix when you've got sailors?

Coffee, Java, a cup of mud, the elixir of life....it has many names to many people. No matter where you are in the world, it's something we all enjoy to get us through the day. If there's one drink that can lay claim to being the worlds favourite, it's this one.  Who would have thought a simple fruit found on the slopes of Ethiopian hills by a goat would conquer the globe? 

Ah, Christmas—the lights, the carols, the traumatising goat men.

It's that time of year again so, in the spirit of giving, we have a special bonus episode of The Gallimaufry for you all. Join us as we discuss the origins of Christmas and discover how many of the old traditions are a lot more modern than you might think.

From Pagans to Romans to Victorians to Coca Cola, the history of Christmas is as long and bizarre as Nick's list to Santa this year—but luckily we're here to help make sense of it all!

Hold on to your humbugs and join us as we delve into the muddled history of Christmas and the hodgepodged origins of some of our favourite traditions. 

Have a safe and happy Christmas and we'll see you all in the New Year!

Did you know a polar bear used to call the tower of London home? Or that the Holy Roman Emperor loved a a good lion? From the playthings of the elite, sprung centres of learning and conservation that would come to be the modern zoos we know today...But hold your horses, cause there's an elephant in the room. Quite literally. Zoo's have a much darker past and possibly present than you may think...

When we think of pirates, a few things spring to mind. Blackbeard, Treasure Island, a bedraggled Johnny Depp. For centuries in Europe though, the image of a pirate was far more terrifying, because it came in the form of a Barbary Corsair from North Africa. 

Listen to Episode 2 to learn about their exploits that spanned centuries and the surprising fact that quite often a lot of these "Turkish Scoundrels" were often European outcasts...

In our very first episode we explore the origins of the world's first successful national health service, The NHS. Still beloved and admired 70 years on, we take a look at what helped inspire it and who the people were that made it happen.